PEGylated Lipova E120 liposomes loaded with celecoxib: in-vitro characterization and enhanced in-vivo anti-inflammatory effects in rat models

Brown adipose tissue (BAT) is responsible for adaptive thermogenesis. We previously showed that genetic deficiency ofreceptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) prevented the effects of high-fat diet (HFD). This study was tocompare BAT activity in RAGE knock out (Ager-/-, RKO) and wild-type (WT) mice after treated with HFD or LFD.[18F]FDG PET-CT imaging under identical cold-stimulated conditions and mean standard uptake values (SUVmean), ratio ofSUViBAT/SUVmuscle (SUVR, muscle as the reference region) and %ID/g were used for BAT quantification. The resultsshowed that [18F]FDG uptake (e.g., SUVR) in WT-HFD mice was significantly reduced (three-fold) as compared to that inWT-LFD (1.40 ± 0.07 and 4.03 ± 0.38; P = 0.004). In contrast, BAT activity in RKO mice was not significantly affectedby HFD, with SUVRRKO-LFD: 2.14 ± 0.10 and SUVRRKO-LFD: 1.52 ± 0.13 (P = 0.3). The uptake in WT-LFD was almostdouble of that in RKO-LFD (P = 0.004); however, there was no significant difference between RKO-HFD and WT-HFDmice (P = 0.3). These results, corroborating our previous findings on the measurement of mRNA transcripts for UCP1 inthe BAT, suggest that RAGE may contribute to altered energy expenditure and provide a protective effect against HFD byAger deletion (Ager -/-).

A Comparative Study of Phenomenology, Psychiatric Co-Morbidities and Global Functioning of People with ADHD from Childhood to Adulthood.

Introduction: Although previously thought to remit largely in adolescence, a growing literature supports the persistence of the disorder and/or associated impairment into adulthood. Studies in India are lacking on ADMD. Aims and Objectives: To compare the phenomenology of ADHD in childhood, adolescence and adulthood, to compare the psychiatric co-morbidities with ADHD in childhood, adolescence and adulthood, to compare the global functioning of subjects with ADHD in childhood, adolescence and adulthood. Methods: A statistical comparison was made between studies done in dept. of psychiatry, CSMMU UP, Lucknow on childhood, adolescent and adult ADHD for its various aspects. Conclusions: Hyperactivity-impulsivity decreases as subjects with ADHD grow up and inattention symptoms become more impairing, ADHD is highly co-morbid across all age groups but the nature of co-morbidities change, functioning of subjects with ADHD improve as they grow older.

Phytochemistry, traditional uses and cancer chemopreventive activity of Amla (Phyllanthus emblica): The Sustainer.

Ayurveda, which is the oldest health system in the world, appreciates and uses amla to treat a host of diseases and promote positive health. Amla [Emblica officinalis, or emblic myrobalan], is called amalaki in Sanskrit. It is extensively used as a rejuvenator in ayurveda. It is also used widely in combination with other two [chebulic and belleric] myrobalans [fruit-bearing plant species] as triphala. Amla is indeed, the key ingredient in the popular ayurvedic recipe, Chyavanaprasha. More than anything, it may be called as "King of Rasayana" [rejuvenation], owing to its multiple health benefits. Phyllanthus emblica or Indian gooseberry (Amla) possesses a vastethnomedical history and represents a phytochemical reservoir of heuristic medicinal value. It is one of the oldest oriental medicines mentioned in Ayurveda as potential remedy for various ailments. The fruit is rich in quercetin, phyllaemblic compounds, gallic acid, tannins, flavonoids, pectin and vitamin C and also contains various polyphenolic compounds. A wide range of phytochemical components including terpenoids, alkaloids, flavonoids, and tannins have been shown to posses’ useful biological activities. Many pharmacological studies have demonstrated the ability of the fruit shows antioxidant, anticarcinogenic, antitumour, antigenotoxic, antiinflammatory activities, supporting its traditional uses. In this review, we have focused our interest on phytochemistry, traditional uses, cancer chemopreventive activity of Phyllanthus emblica both in vivo and in vitro. In view of its reported pharmacological properties and relative safety, P. emblica could be a source of therapeutically useful products.

An exploratory clinical study of adult attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder from India.

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE: Although adult attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is well recognized in western countries, there are no reports of adult ADHD from India. Therefore, this study was planned to identify ADHD in adults in an Indian psychiatry outpatient setting and elicit its phenomenology and co-morbidities. METHODS: A total of 283 adults were screened using Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale-v1.1 (ASRSV1.1) screener. Screen positives were evaluated on ASRSv1.1 symptom checklist, World Mental Health Survey Initiative Version of the World Health Organization Composite International Diagnostic Interview (WMH-CIDI) and by clinical assessments. DSM-IV-TR and Wender-Utah criteria were used for diagnosis. RESULTS: Twenty five men (mean age +/- SD, 23.4 +/- 5.6 yr) were diagnosed as having adult ADHD. The subjects' most common presentations were of losing temper and poor academic performance. The most common ADHD symptoms were difficulty in sustaining attention, easy distractibility, often losing things, and blurting out answers. A majority (80%) of the subjects had one or more psychiatric co-morbidity like oppositional defiant disorder, major depressive disorder and substance abuse/dependence. INTERPRETATION & CONCLUSION: Adult ADHD can be diagnosed in an Indian psychiatry outpatient setting. ADHD adults infrequently presented with the core symptoms of the disorder and had high psychiatric co-morbidity rates.